Gas-turbine.



L. SAMOJE.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.16,1910.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

)Nv-EN'roR, LEO sAMOdE,

alternately, and 'I arrange vcntion are represented by way of exampleand at- 5 and 5 and 6 and 6 are dia ramanion.

LEO SAMOJE, 0F ANTWERP, BELGIUM.

GAS-TURBIN E.

Application filed February 16,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

1910. Serial 1%. 544,317.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEO SAMOJE, of the. German Emperor, and residing atAntwerp, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inGas-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. i

The subjectanatter of. my invention 1s a reaction gas turbine havingrotating combustion chambers.

According to my invention I provide a drum containin two or morecombustion chambers, to which the combustible gaseous mixture andcompressed air can be admitted this drum rotatable around a casing whosetwo chambers, which are separated from one another, serve for storingthe gaseous mixture and compressed air, respectively, and arealternately successively connected with each of the coma subject bastionchambers.

A further object of my invention is to provide a special form of thevalve mechanism. Two illustrative embodiments of my inm the accompanyingdrawing, wherein Figure l is a-longitudinal section through one form;Fig. 2 is a like view on a smaller scale of a second form, and Figs. 3and 3, 4

matic cross-section through the combustion chambers and one valve. anddiagrammatic cross-section through the other valve, respec tively, invarious positions of the same.

. Referring to the drawing, the stationary casing c is divided intochambers a, b, separated in the illustrative embodiment according toFig. l by a partition 0. The gas mixture is supplied, preferably underpressure or by suction on the part ofthe combustion chambers, throughpipe (Z to thechamberp,

whereas chamber-b serves for receiving com pressed air entering throughpipe 0; Both the gas chamber a and the compressed air chamber 2) areconnected by controllable ports 7 and g with the combustionchambers inthe rotating drum m. The gear operatingthc valves for closing the portsf and 5/ may be controlled resiliently, positively or automatically, andthe distributing members may be formed as lifting valves, rotaryvalves'or-as other closure members.

In the illustrative embodiment according to Fig. l the distributingmembers are formed as two continuously rotating valves it and i keyed onthe shaft is; the latter is whose .central vertical same time apartition between the chambers a and b so that the specialstationarywall shown in Fig. tary according to Fig. relatively displacedslot-s f, g or rows of slots the distance between which corresponds tothat between the ports driven by means of suitable wheel-gearing, forexample, from the drum m.

I? the illustrative embodiment according v to ig. 2 one single valve 1is arranged wall forms at the 1 may be omitted. The rovalve in theillustrative embodiment 2 is provided with two f and g. In theillustrative embodiments I provide in the rotating drum m two chambers a71. the clear section of which ishes radially in the direction ofrotation, so that the wall of each a a recedes from the central fixedcasing in the form of approximately a spiral, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6..At the end of each chamber located at the rear with regard to thedirection of rotation I provide an exhaust nozzle 0 directedapproximately tangentially. number of the contiguously arranged exhaustnozzles of each optional corresponding to the height of the explosionpressure or gme. exhaust nozzles are shown. may be either rectilinearknown curvature that owing to the exhausting gases being :torccs occurblades in known systems of turbines. chambers of, central casing a, sothat, according in each instance to the the explosion with the gaschamber a or'with the compressed air chamber (Z.

guided on the fixed central casing substantially by lateral hubs p andg. 1 to the illustrative embodiment shownin Fig. 1 a.belt-pulley r iskeyed on hub 9' which is for transmitting the duced by the force of tionof the issuing gases. .Hub 9 carries also a spur wheel .9 which fordriving the valve-gear. drum mis preferably surrounded by a stationaryjacket, not shown, from which the products of combustion way ofa'silencer into the open air.

gradually diminof the chambers a surface, whose contour'is The chamber n2 may be to the size of the en- In the illustrative embodiments fourThese nozzles or have such a guided within them reaction analogous tothe action of The n are open toward the fixed operation of thevalve-gear, chambers can be connected The drum m is According rotatorymotion proexplosion or the reacmeshes with a pinion The rotating Themode of operation of my improved pass directly or by wise,

6 correspon gas turbine is seen from Figs. 3, 3 to 6, 6 in which therelative posit-ions at various times of the two valves are shown; inFigs. 3 to 6 that valve is shown which is just openin or is keeping openthe port in questlon, w ile in Figs. 3 to 6 that of the two valves isrepresented which is just closing its port or is kee ing it closed.Figs. 3, 3 to 6,

w1th the illustrative embodiment accordin to Fig. 1; they also suit,

however, for t e form according to Fig. 2

when it is assumed that the ports are arranged displaced relatively toone another in one single valve. In the position of the rotating drum maccording to Fig. 3 the one chamber, 2'. e. n, of the two chambers a ais just beginning its admission period; valve h is opening communicationbetweenthe combustion chamber 72 and the gas chamber direction ofrotation of the drum, so that the reaction produced hereby can beutilized for rotating the wheel,in the former direction of motion. Thecombustion process or the exhaust of the products of combustionconverted into energy lasts almost one complete revolution untilchamber? has returned into the position shown in Fig. 3. Valve 2' is nowopened, as shown in Fig. 5, whereby compressed air is admitted fromchamber 6 into the combustion chamber a for the purpose ofscavenging'the latter. Valve i is closed again as soon as the combustionchamber 12, has passed out of reach of the compressed air port 9. Theissuing compressed airwhich carries with it the residues of the roductsof'combustion also performs work by its reaction in like manner as theissuing products of combustion, so that the compressed air not onlyserves for scavenging the combustion chambers but can be drawn.upon'directly for performing work, whereby the efficiency of the plantis increased. As soon as the pressure above Fig. 3, so that the chambera atmospheric of the compressed air in chamber n ceases, work is neitherperformed nor consumed in this chamber until the moment when it againreaches the position shown in runs idle, as it were, during this period(Fig. 6). The action of the second chamber n is displaced 360 relativelyto that of the first chamber. After chamber a has rotated one completerevolution from the position shown in Fig. 3, and has passed out ofreach of the slots in the valve (Fig. 6), the admission period forchamber a begins by valve 7L opening. Shortly before chamber 77. reachesthe position shown in Fig. 3 ignition occurs in chamber n. chamber nstill running idle. As the turbine rotates further (Fig. 3), work isdone in the chamber a and the admission period for chamber a begins.Having arrived in the position according to Fig. 4 compressed air beginsto be supplied from chamber b into combustion chamber a owing to valve iopening.

When the sections of the ports f, g and of the combustion chambers arecorrespondingly dimensioned there is no difficulty in employing fourcombustion chambers instead of two;'the valves h and z must becontrolled correspondingly @however. Also, instead of only one rotatingdrumv m a plu rality thereof may be arranged in series, when itmay bearranged that the exhaust gases of the high pressure drum are employedagain for doing work in the next drum.

I claim z- 1. In a gas turbine,-the combination, with a casingcomprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of adrum having a combustion chamber and revoluble on said casing andprovided with an exhaust nozzle directed oppositely to the direction ofrotation of the drum, and means, controlled by said drum, for connectingthe combustion chamber alternately with the gas glamber and with thecompressed air cham- 2. In a gas turbine, the combination, with a casingcomprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed airchamber, of a drumcomprising a pluralityof combustion chamhers and revoluble on saidcasing, said drum having a plurality of exhaust nozzles directedoppositely to the direction of rotation thereof, the wall of said casinghaving ports for establishing communication between the drum and theformer chambers, and means for alternately establishing and closing thecommunication between the drum and said gas chamber and between the drumand said compressed air chamber.

3. In a gas turbine, the combination, with a casing comprising a gaschamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum revoluble onsaid casing, and means for intermittently supplying a combustiblegaseous mixture from the gas chamber to the drum and for intermittentlysupplying compressed air from the compressed air chamber to the drum,said drum comprising a plu rality of combustion chambers adapted to beconnected with said gas and air chambers, each combustion chamber havinga section, measured radially, which diminishes con tinuously in thedirection of rotation thereof, and each having an exhaust nozzledirected opposite to the direction of rotation and opening into the sameat the large part thereof.

45. In a gas turbine, the-combination, ,with a casing comprising a gaschamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum comprising aplurality of combustion chambers revoluble on said casing, the wall ofsaid casing having ports for establishing communication between the drumand the former chambers, and rotating valves having relatively displacedports for alternately establishing and closing the communication betweenthe drum andsaid gas chamber and between the drum and said compressedair chamben 5. In a gas turbine, the combination with a casingcomprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of adrum comprising a plurality of combustion chambers revoluble on saidcasing and having a plurality of exhaust nozzles directed oppositel'y t0the direction o'frotation thereof, the Wall of said casing having portsfor establishing communication between the drum and the former chambersrotating valves having relatively displaced ports for establishing andclosing the communication between the drum and said gas chamber and,alternately therewith, between the drum and said compressed air chamber,and a gear connected with said drum for driving the valves. i

In testimony Whereof,I aflix my signature in the presence of twoWitnesses.

LEO SAMOJE. Witnesses:

Gr. DE LERsY, H.. TUCK SHERMAN.

